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Cairo or "Al Qahira" is the capital of Egypt. Cairo is considered the largest
city in Africa and the Middle East. It is a combination of history, religion and
culture. Most Egyptians consider Cairo and Giza as the same governorate;
however, they are 2 separate ones but it is difficult to recognize the border line
between them. You will find different places to visit in Cairo and Giza some of
which are:
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Pharaonic Cairo:
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Giza Pyramids: Cheops, Kephren and Mykerinus are the names of the 3 famous
pyramids located at the Giza complex. The Great Pyramid or Cheops
is considered one of the old Seven Wonders of the World. No
one could ever go to Egypt without having a quick visit to the Giza Pyramids.
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Sphinx: The Sphinx lying in front of the Giza Pyramids is assumed to be their
guardian. With his body in the form of a lion and his face in the
form of a human face, the Sphinx symbolizes strength and wisdom.
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Solar Boats: These boats were discovered beside the Giza Pyramids. The Solar
Boats were placed in engraved areas in the rocks beside the
Pyramids in order to be at the disposal of the King in the after world.
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Memphis: Memphis is an ancient city on the Nile located to the south of Cairo.
It was once the capital of Lower Egypt and the centre of worship
of Ptah the God of craftsmen. You would see in Memphis the open
air museum that includes the colossal statue of Ramses II, the Alabaster Sphinx
of King Tuthmosis III, the Temple for Embalming the Sacred Apis
Bull.
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Sakkara: It is located near Memphis and it embraces the Step Pyramid which
is the world's oldest stone structure. The place also includes
many tombs and Mastabas from the 1st and 2nd dynasties such as the
tombs of Nefer and the Mastabas of Ti and Ptahotep.
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Dahshur: It is located about 8km south of Sakkara. This site is famous for
the Bent Pyramid and the Red Pyramid. The bent pyramid is so
called due to the sharp change in the pyramid's slope of angle. While
the Red Pyramid derives its name from the red limestone rocks used in building it.
The area also contains several other pyramids that are all worth
seeing.
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Egyptian Antiquities Museum: This museum hosts the largest collection of
ancient Egyptian artifacts in the world. It displays more than
120.000 items including the full Tutankhamen collection with its golden death mask. The museum is a must see, you simply can't visit Cairo without
seeing this museum.
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Islamic Cairo:
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Cairo is rich with Islamic Arts. Many mosques were built during the Mamluk, Ottoman
and Fatimid eras. With their great architectural work, most mosques are worth seeing
them. Some of which are:
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Mosque of Amr Ibn El-Aas: with its simple design, it is the oldest mosque
built in Egypt and represents different period's architectural
designs.
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Al Azhar Mosque: It is the oldest Islamic University. It was built in 971
AD and is considered the first Fatimid mosque in Cairo.
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Mosque of Mohamed Ali (the Alabaster Mosque): it was so named because of
the extensive usage of the Alabaster stone in the mosque. This
mosque is built on the elevated part of the citadel, making
it visible to all parts of Cairo.
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Mosque of Ahmed Ibn Tuloun: It is the 3rd mosque built in Egypt. While it
is famous for its gypsum decoration and spacious grounds.
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The Refai Mosque: The mosque is a mixture of designs from the Mamluk period.
It presents 4 fully articulated frontages in addition to a highly
decorated dome and minaret.
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Mosque of Sultan Hassan: It is considered to be one of the most majestic
monuments of Islamic architecture. The mosque was built so as
to contain 4 separate areas; in each area one of the four juristic
braches of Sunni Islam would be taught.
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Beit El-Suheimi: It is one of the ancient remaining houses that stood there
to remind us of the former structure of Egyptian houses in the
17th and 18th centuries.
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The Citadel: it counts as one of the famous tourist attractions in Cairo.
The Citadel was built by Salah ad-Din or Saladin as a royal residence and military
barrack. The citadel contains a number of museums, mosques and sites that must be
seen.
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Coptic Cairo:
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Old Cairo is the oldest part of Cairo and is the original site of the Babylon Fort.
Many churches were built in this area as well as Egypt's oldest synagogue.
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The Hanging Church: it is named as the hanging church because it was built
on the ruins of 2 towers remained from the old Babylon Fort.
It dates around the late 4th and early 5th centuries.
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Church of St. Sergio: again this church is built on the Ancient Roman fort
of Babylon. It dates back to the 5th century and is built on
the place where the Holy Family stayed at the end of their journey into Egypt.
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The Church of St. Mercurius: It consists of two churches one on top of the
other, with many little side chapels dedicated to various saints.
The podium is one of the most beautiful in Cairo, decorated with
mosaic and supported by 15 marble columns.
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Mar Girgis Church: The Church's candlelight hopes and prayers and colorful
glass windows emanates an air of serenity. The icons of Mar
Girgis and Jesus Christ lies in the church decorated with handwritten wishes of believers in miracles. It seems some of those wishes were answered
as there are marble thank you plates that could be seen hanging in
the church.
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Ben Ezra synagogue: the place is considered blessed by the Jews because it
was proven that Moses prayed there. The synagogue was originally
a church and was later bought by Abraham Ben Ezra who transformed
it into a synagogue.
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Museums:
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There is a wide variety of museums available in Egypt. You will find museums that
display antiquities, while others that display art works. Whatever aspect you are
interested in, you will definitely find a museum that sparks your interest.
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Coptic Museum: It is considered one of the highlights of any visit in Coptic
Cairo. The museum was built in order to keep track of the history
of Christianity in Egypt. It displays almost 16,000 monuments dating
back to 1910AD and arranged according to their chronological order.
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Museum of Islamic Arts: The museum displays artifacts from each Islamic rule
and contains almost 10,200 piece of antiquities. It is considered
one of the world's best museums displaying Islamic artifacts.
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Museum of Islamic Ceramics: A collection of Islamic ceramics are beautifully
displayed in the neo- Islamic summer palace of Prince Amru Ibrahim.
Vases, tiles, bowls, along with more than 300 objects are displayed
in the museum.
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Manyal Palace complex: The Manyal Palace houses various museums; the palace
itself was built by Mohamed Ali Tawfiq in 1899 to commemorate
Islamic Art. The complex includes museums such as, the hunting
museum and the private museum.
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Abdeen Palace Museum: Formerly serving as a royal palace until the end of
the monarchy in 1952, this history museum features a large collection
of weapons and medals previously owned by the Royal family.
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The Child Museum: The museum is a wonderful experience to the child. Specialists
in the various fields from all over the world have worked hard
to create an atmosphere which children will absorb, using science,
technology, architecture, history and nature to provide an extensive cultural knowledge
of Egypt.
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Mahmoud Khalil Museum: In addition to a great variety of ceramics, copper
and bronze statues and artifacts, the museum contains a collection
of paintings of many famous painters such as Monnet, Gogan and
Renoir. The museum contains the famous "Sun Flowers" of Van Gogh and Paul Gogan's
"life and death".
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Famous Attractions:
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Khan el Khalili: It is an ancient shopping area and is considered the most
entertaining part of Cairo. In the "Khan" you would have a chance
to buy some local products such as clothes, souvenirs, Jewelry, spices
and perfumes at a very good price. You can also try one of the coffee shops there
where you can smoke the waterpipe or "shisha".
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AL Azhar Park: It is considered one of the world's sixty great public places.
With its panoramic view and its location in the heart of old
Cairo, you will have a chance to overlook Historic Cairo while enjoying an oriental dinner or sipping a cup of coffee in one of the coffee shops there. You could simply wander around the park while enjoying the
view.
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Cairo Tower: The tower is constructed to form a lotus flower shape. The 187
meter tall tower offers a panoramic view of Cairo. The best
time to visit the tower is at sunset or at night in order to watch all the lights and Beauty of Cairo.
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Wadi Degla: In Wadi (which means a dry mountain flanked valley) Degla you
can experience the remoteness and complexity of the desert.
The Wadi is a desert lover's museum with a unique geological formation.
The Wadi is located a few kilometers from downtown Cairo, but the uniqueness and
remoteness of the place gives you a feeling that you have traveled
hundreds of miles.
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Pharaonic Village: The Village lies on an island located in the middle of
the Nile. The island is completely surrounded by trees so as
to keep it away from any forms of modern life. The village features
the ancient Egyptian's lifestyles as well as replicas of some ancient temples and
tombs. On the village you would have a chance to travel past
time into a former Egyptian era.
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Shopping:
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With the opening of many shopping centers in Cairo, you would have a chance to buy
anything you wish for. You would find famous brand names such as Escada, Givenchy,
Morgan and many others in one of Cairos main shopping centers:
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Stars Center: Located 30 minutes from downtown, it is considered the biggest
shopping mall in Egypt. It contains hundreds of shops of each
and every kind; most of them are well known brand names.
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City Center: It is located 10 minutes from Stars Center, but it does not
include the variety of shops present there. However, you will
find what you are looking for.
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Maadi City Center: it is located near the Maadi district; the Center is famous
for having the famous Carrefour (French hypermarket chain).
The shopping mall has undergone an expansion process inorder to include more
shops.
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Dandy Mall: This center is similar to the Maadi City Center but is located
in a different district in the suburbs of Giza. However, this
mall has undergone an expansion process.
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Also, you can shop around in old market places where you can bargain for prices
and get in touch with the real Egyptians. Main Shopping Markets:
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Khan el Khalili: A comprehensive market where you can shop for souvenirs,
spices and jewelryetc.
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Wekalet el Balah: where you can shop for textiles and fabrics.
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Kerdasa: where you can buy the traditional galabia and a belly dancers
outfit at a reasonable price.
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