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Abu Simbel is an archaeological site comprising two massive rock temples in Upper Egypt along the Nile about 290 km southwest of Aswan. There are two temples at Abu Simbel. The larger one, generally known as the Temple of Ramses II, is dedicated to the Gods Ra-Harakhty, Ptah and Amun. The smaller temple, referred to as the Temple of Nefertari, is dedicated to the goddess Hathor.

 

Temple of Ramses II: It is generally considered the grandest and most beautiful of the temples commissioned during the reign of Ramses II, and one of the most beautiful temples in Egypt.

  • Front part: It is 33m high, and 38m broad, and guarded by four statues of Ramses II, each of which is      20m high. The statues are huge that they dwarf everything around them, which is probably the effect      Ramses had in mind.

  • Interior: The interior follows the triangular layout that most Egyptian temples had. With the floor level      rising clearly towards the sanctuary. The inner walls are painted with scenes of Egyptian victories in      Nubian, Syria and Libya.

  • Sanctuary: It contains four seated statues of Ra-Horakhty, Ptah, Amun and Ramesses. The temple      was aligned so that on February 22 and October 22, the sun rays penetrate the entire temple and fill      the sanctuary with light.

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    Temple of Hathor: This temple is another example of the architecture of Egypt in its finest form.

  • Front part: The front is 10.5m high and is guarded by 6 statues, 4 of which are of Ramses II and the      other 2 are of his wife Nefertari. All statues are equal in size which represents Ramses's love and      respect to his wife.

  • Interior: The interior is very simple and in normal size compared to the Temple of Ramses II. The      entrance leads to a hall containing six pillars bearing the head of the goddess Hathor.

  • Sanctuary: The sanctuary holds a statue of Hathor shown as the sacred cow-goddess emerging from      the rock wall Western Mountain.

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